IV.C.3 Head: VNS of the Orbit Page 1 of 5

Objectives:

4.3.1 Follow the course of the sympathetic and parasympathetic neuronal pathways into and within the orbit, indicating their pre- and post-ganglionic portions and their function.

4.3.2 Trace the flow of blood into and out of the orbit.

Assigned Readings:

Moore's COA: Pages 899-915, 959-962. See the blue boxes on pages 917-919, 962 for clinical correlations. See the yellow boxes on pages 921-922, 963 for "The Bottom Line."

Neuroanatomy page: 506-507.

Arterial Supply

	Step 1: Start with the internal carotid artery.
	Step 2: Add the middle cerebral artery. Remember that the internal carotid artery joins the Circle of Willis near the middle cerebral artery.
	Step 3: Add the anterior cerebral arteries. The anterior cerebral arteries also are part of the Circle of Willis and are part of the branches near the juncture of the internal carotid artery and the Circle of Willis.
	Step 4: Add the ophthalmic artery. The ophthalmic artery is a branch of the internal carotid artery that occurs just after the internal carotid artery leaves the cavernous sinus but before the anterior and middle cerebral arteries.